In its original meaning, the word martyr, meaning witness, was used in the secular sphere as well as in the New Testament of the Bible. Similarly, martyrs have had notable effects in secular life, including such figures as Socrates, among other political and cultural examples. Martyrs play significant roles in religions. Most martyrs are considered holy or are respected by their followers, becoming symbols of exceptional leadership and heroism in the face of difficult circumstances.
Originally applied only to those who suffered for their religious beliefs, the term has come to be used in connection with people killed for a political cause. Insofar, the martyr is a relational figure of a society's boundary work that is produced by collective memory. Accordingly, the status of the 'martyr' can be considered a posthumous title as a reward for those who are considered worthy of the concept of martyrdom by the living, regardless of any attempts by the deceased to control how they will be remembered in advance. In the martyrdom narrative of the remembering community, this refusal to comply with the presented demands results in the punishment or execution of an actor by an alleged oppressor. The Christian Martyrs of Japan 17th-century Japanese paintingĪ martyr ( Greek: μάρτυς, mártys, "witness", or μαρτυρία, marturia, stem μαρτυρ-, martyr-) is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, or refusing to renounce or advocate, a religious belief or cause as demanded by an external party.
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